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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ketendo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Клиническая и экспериментальная тиреоидология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Clinical and experimental thyroidology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1995-5472</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-3787</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Endocrinology Research Centre</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14341/ket10382</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ketendo-10382</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры литературы</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Review of literature</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Обзор зарубежных клинических рекомендаций по выполнению тонкоигольной аспирационной биопсии узлов щитовидной железы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Overview of foreign clinical guidelines for the use of fine-needle aspiration biopsy of thyroid nodules</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7484-1652</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петров</surname><given-names>Виктор Геннадьевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrov</surname><given-names>Viktor G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры хирургических болезней с курсом эндоскопии и офтальмологии ИНПР</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, professor of the Department of Surgical Diseases with a course of endoscopy and ophthalmology INPR</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">v_doc@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0823-2538</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нелаева</surname><given-names>Алсу Асатовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nelaeva</surname><given-names>Alsu A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nelaeva@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2073-5296</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Моложавенко</surname><given-names>Екатерина Владимировна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Molozhavenko</surname><given-names>Ekaterina V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аспирант кафедры хирургических болезней с курсом эндоскопии и офтальмологии ИНПР</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Graduate student of the Department of Surgical Diseases with a course of endoscopy and ophthalmology INPR</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kt_rina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8948-6358</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ивашина</surname><given-names>Елена Гиевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivashina</surname><given-names>Elena G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Врач-эндокринолог</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>endocrinologist</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">manana72ru@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО Тюменский государственный медицинский университет; ГАУЗ ТО “Многопрофильный консультативно-диагностический центр”</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tyumen State Medical University; Multidisciplinary Consultative and Diagnostic Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО Тюменский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tyumen State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГАУЗ ТО “Многопрофильный консультативно-диагностический центр”</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Multidisciplinary Consultative and Diagnostic Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>02</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>96</fpage><lpage>109</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Петров В.Г., Нелаева А.А., Моложавенко Е.В., Ивашина Е.Г., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Петров В.Г., Нелаева А.А., Моложавенко Е.В., Ивашина Е.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Petrov V.G., Nelaeva A.A., Molozhavenko E.V., Ivashina E.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.cet-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/10382">https://www.cet-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/10382</self-uri><abstract><p>Тонкоигольная аспирационная биопсия (ТАБ) – это безопасный и экономически эффективный метод, используемый для оценки узлов щитовидной железы (ЩЖ). ТАБ позволяет стратифицировать риски злокачественности и предоставляет ключевую информацию для решения о целесообразности операции.</p><p>Однако, являясь инвазивным методом диагностики, ТАБ сопряжена с возможностью возникновения осложнений. Существует вероятность недиагностических, ложноположительных и ложноотрицательных результатов, которые могут привести к проведению запоздалой или вовсе ненужной операции.</p><p>Cсылаясь на доступность проведения УЗИ-диагностики ЩЖ и, как следствие этого, значительный рост случаев выявления узловой патологии ЩЖ, предлагают ограничить проведение ТАБ, которая в ряде случаев является необязательной, а порой и опасной для пациента. Безусловно, для принятия клинических решений сонографические характеристики узлов и индивидуальные анамнестические и клинические факторы пациента должны учитываться. Для небольших узлов ТАБ в большинстве случаев не показана, но рациональнее принимать решение о ее проведении, исходя из сонографических характеристик, а не руководствоваться пороговым размером узла &gt;1 см.</p><p>Наличие кальцификатов, нерегулярного края, гипоэхогенности солидного узла, формы “выше, чем шире”, метастазов в шейные лимфатические узлы и инвазии узла за пределы капсулы ЩЖ являются более специфичными сонографическими признаками злокачественности. Совокупность этих признаков является полезной для стратификации риска злокачественности узлов ЩЖ и принятия решения о необходимости проведения ТАБ.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNA) is the most accurate and cost-effective method for evaluating thyroid nodules. FNA results are useful for stratifying the risk of malignant neoplasms and provide key information to determine the appropriateness of an operation. However, we should keep in mind that FNA is an invasive diagnostic method, so there is a possibility of complications. There is a likelihood of nondiagnostic, false positive and false negative results that can lead to a late or unnecessary operation. We see a growing incidence of thyroid nodules, associated mainly with the increased availability of ultrasound diagnostic of this organ. So the leading organizations involved in the development of clinical guidelines for diagnostics and treatment of thyroid pathologies suggest limiting the conduct of FNA. The use of this method in some cases is not necessary and at times can be even dangerous to a patient. When making clinical decisions, sonographic patterns of thyroid nodules and individual anamnestic and clinical factors of the patient should be considered. For small thyroid nodules, the FNA in most cases is not necessary. It is more rational to make a decision based on sonographic patterns rather than be guided by a threshold node size of &gt; 1 cm. The specific sonographic patterns of malignancy are: presence of calcifications, irregular margins, hypoechoic nodule, taller-than-wide shape, metastases to the cervical lymph nodes, and extrathyroidal extension. The totality of these signs is useful for stratifying the risk of malignancy of the thyroid nodules and deciding on the need for FNA.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>узлы щитовидной железы</kwd><kwd>рак щитовидной железы</kwd><kwd>тонкоигольная аспирационная биопсия</kwd><kwd>УЗИ щитовидной железы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>thyroid nodules</kwd><kwd>thyroid cancer</kwd><kwd>fine-needle aspiration biopsy</kwd><kwd>ultrasound of the thyroid gland</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mackenzie EJ, Mortimer RH. 6: Thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer. Med J Aust. 2004;180(5):242-247. doi: https://doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.2004.tb05894.x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mackenzie EJ, Mortimer RH. 6: Thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer. 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