ketendoКлиническая и экспериментальная тиреоидологияClinical and experimental thyroidology1995-54722310-3787Endocrinology Research Centre10.14341/ket12813ketendo-12813Research ArticleНАУЧНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫREVIEWSСовременное представление о диагностике, лечении и предикторах прогрессии папиллярной микрокарциномы щитовидной железыCurrent understanding of diagnosis, treatment and predictors of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma progressionhttps://orcid.org/0009-0001-1009-1802ДзодзаеваА. В.DzodzaevaA. V.

Дзодзаева Ария Валерьевна

117292, Москва, ул. Дм. Ульянова, д. 11

Aria V. Dzodzaeva, MD

11 Dm. Ulyanova street, 117292, Moscow

ariyadz@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2122-2297БондаренкоЕ. В.BondarenkoE. V.

Бондаренко Екатерина Владимировна, к.м.н.

Москва

Ekaterina V. Bondarenko, MD, PhD

Moscow

bondarenko.ekaterina@endocrincentr.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6420-8674ТереховаМ. А.TerekhovaM. A.

Терехова Мария Александровна

Москва

Maria A. Terekhova, MD

Moscow

terexova@list.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0009-7224-4411ВанушкоА. В.VanushkoA. V.

Ванушко Александра Владимировна, студент

Москва

Aleksandra V. Vanushko, MD

Moscow

alex.vanushko@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6338-7490ВанушкоВ. Э.VanushkoV. E.

Ванушко Владимир Эдуардович, д.м.н.

Москва

Vladimir E. Vanushko, MD, PhD

Moscow

vanushko.vladimir@endocrincentr.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8520-8702ТрошинаЕ. А.TroshinaE. A.

Трошина Екатерина Анатольевна, д.м.н., профессор, член-корр. РАН

Москва

Ekaterina A. Troshina, MD, PhD, Professor

Moscow

troshina.ekaterina@endocrincentr.ruНациональный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологииРоссияEndocrinology Research CentreRussian FederationФГАОУ ВО Первый МГМУ имени И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)РоссияI.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)Russian Federation2024181220242031420Copyright © Дзодзаева А.В., Бондаренко Е.В., Терехова М.А., Ванушко А.В., Ванушко В.Э., Трошина Е.А., 20252025Дзодзаева А.В., Бондаренко Е.В., Терехова М.А., Ванушко А.В., Ванушко В.Э., Трошина Е.А.Dzodzaeva A.V., Bondarenko E.V., Terekhova M.A., Vanushko A.V., Vanushko V.E., Troshina E.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.cet-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/12813

Папиллярная микрокарцинома щитовидной железы (ПМЩЖ) является наиболее распространенным видом злокачественных новообразований щитовидной железы (ЩЖ), характеризуется малым размером и как правило благоприятным прогнозом. Увеличение частоты выявляемости ПМЩЖ связано с совершенствованием высокоточных методов диагностики, таких как ультразвуковое исследование (УЗИ) и тонкоигольная аспирационная биопсия (ТАБ). Диагностические подходы включают использование системы EU-TIRADS и Bethesda для оценки риска, а также анализ молекулярных маркеров, таких как мутации в генах BRAF и перспективные исследования роли микроРНК в прогнозировании опухолевой прогрессии. Оптимальное ведение пациентов с ПМЩЖ требует индивидуализации терапевтических стратегий, ввиду различий в прогрессии заболевания. В статье проанализированы современные методы диагностики и лечения ПМЩЖ, включая использование молекулярно-генетических маркеров, минимально инвазивных технологий и стратегии активного наблюдения, с акцентом на индивидуальный подход к прогнозированию и терапии заболевания.

Papillary Microcarcinoma of the Thyroid Gland (PMTC) is the most common type of malignant thyroid neoplasm, characterized by its small size and generally favorable prognosis. The increased detection rate of PMTC is associated with advancements in high-precision diagnostic methods such as ultrasound and fine-needle aspiration biopsy. Diagnostic approaches include the use of the EU-TIRADS and Bethesda systems for risk assessment, as well as the analysis of molecular markers, such as BRAF gene mutations and promising studies on the role of microRNAs in predicting tumor progression.

Optimal management of patients with PMTC requires an individualized therapeutic approach due to differences in disease progression. This article analyzes current diagnostic and treatment methods for PMTC, including the use of molecular-genetic markers, minimally invasive technologies, and active surveillance strategies, with an emphasis on a personalized approach to prognosis and therapy.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.