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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ketendo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Клиническая и экспериментальная тиреоидология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Clinical and experimental thyroidology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1995-5472</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-3787</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Endocrinology Research Centre</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14341/ket12841</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ketendo-12841</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Studies</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка йодного статуса кормящих женщин, проживающих в районах Воронежской области с различным уровнем потребления йода у женщин</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Evaluation of the iodine status in breastfeeding women living in various iodine consumption areas of Voronezh region in women</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8942-6224</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волынкина</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volynkina</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Волынкина Анна Петровна, к.м.н., доцент </p><p>Воронеж</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna P. Volynkina, MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor</p><p>Voronezh</p><p> </p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Anna-volynkina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8520-8702</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трошина</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Troshina</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Трошина Екатерина Анатольевна, д.м.н., член-корр. РАН, профессор</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina A. Troshina, MD, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">troshina@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3805-7574</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маколина</surname><given-names>Н. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makolina</surname><given-names>N. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Маколина Наталья Павловна</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya P. Makolina, MD</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">makolina.natalia@endocrincentr.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Самофалова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Samofalova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Самофалова Ольга Васильевна</p><p>Воронеж</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Samofalova</p><p>Voronezh</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">709277@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бабий</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Babii</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бабий Наталья Викторовна</p><p>Воронеж</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia V. Babii</p><p>Voronezh</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">natababiy8@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волынкина</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volynkina</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Волынкина Екатерина Аркадьевна</p><p>Воронеж</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kate А. Volynkina</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">volynkina.k@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Воронежский государственный медицинский университет им. Н.Н. Бурденко</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Voronezh State Medical University named after N.N. Burdenko</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии им. академика И.И. Дедова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Endocrinology Research Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Министерство здравоохранения Воронежской области</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ministry of Health of the Voronezh Region</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Центр культуры здоровья</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Health Culture Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>16</fpage><lpage>22</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Волынкина А.П., Трошина Е.А., Маколина Н.П., Самофалова О.В., Бабий Н.В., Волынкина Е.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Волынкина А.П., Трошина Е.А., Маколина Н.П., Самофалова О.В., Бабий Н.В., Волынкина Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Volynkina A.P., Troshina E.A., Makolina N.P., Samofalova O.V., Babii N.V., Volynkina K.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.cet-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/12841">https://www.cet-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/12841</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>АКТУАЛЬНОСТЬ</title><p>АКТУАЛЬНОСТЬ. Обеспечение адекватным потреблением йода кормящих женщин критически важно для развития головного мозга ребенка. ВОЗ относит их к группе высокого риска по развитию йододефицитных заболеваний (ЙДЗ).</p><p>Ранее нами выявлена лёгкая степень йодного дефицита у беременных в Воронежской области.</p></sec><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ. Оценить тиреоидный статус и уровень потребления йода у кормящих женщин в районах Воронежской области с различным уровнем потребления йода у женщин.</p></sec><sec><title>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ. Одномоментное когортное исследование 100 кормящих женщин (сентябрь–октябрь 2024 г.) включало анкетирование, осмотр, определение тиреотропного гормона (ТТГ), антител к тиреопероксидазе (АТ-ТПО), селена, цинка в крови, йода в моче (церий-арсенитовый метод) и грудном молоке (масс-спектрометрия), экспресс- анализ соли на йод.</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. Йодированную соль использовали 17% домохозяйств; регулярно — 16% женщин, препараты йода — 12%, богатые йодом продукты — 9%. Медианная концентрация йода в моче (мКЙМ) составила 62,9 мкг/л (норма ≥100 мкг/л). Медиана йода в грудном молоке — 37,77 мкг/л (норма 100–200 мкг/л). Медиана ТТГ — 1,425 мЕд/л, нарушения функции ЩЖ у 7%, носительство АТ-ТПО у 14%. Уровни селена и цинка — в нижней трети нормы. Установлена умеренная положительная корреляция между йодом в моче и молоке (ρ = 0,48; p = 0,032).</p></sec><sec><title>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ</title><p>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. У кормящих женщин Воронежской области выявлен выраженный дефицит йода и критически низкое содержание йода в грудном молоке, что создаёт угрозу когнитивному развитию младенцев. Необходимы системные меры йодной профилактики.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>BACKGROUND</title><p>BACKGROUND: Ensuring adequate iodine intake in lactating women is critically important for infant brain development. The WHO classifies them as a high-risk group for developing iodine deficiency disorders (IDD). Previously, we identified mild iodine deficiency in pregnant women in the Voronezh region.</p></sec><sec><title>AIM</title><p>AIM: To assess the thyroid status and iodine intake levels in lactating women residing in districts of the Voronezh region with varying levels of iodine consumption among women.</p></sec><sec><title>MATERIALS AND METHODS</title><p>MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional cohort study of 100 lactating women (September–October 2024) included a questionnaire, physical examination, and measurement of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies (Anti-TPO), selenium, and zinc in blood, urinary iodine (cerium-arsenite method), and breast milk iodine (mass spectrometry), as well as rapid testing of salt for iodine.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS: Iodized salt was used by 17% of households; 16% of women used it regularly; iodine supplements were taken by 12%; iodine-rich foods were consumed by 9%. The median urinary iodine concentration (mUIC) was 62.9 μg/L (normal ≥100 μg/L). The median breast milk iodine concentration was 37.77 μg/L (normal 100–200 μg/L). The median TSH was 1.425 mIU/L; thyroid dysfunction was found in 7%; Anti-TPO positivity in 14%. Selenium and zinc levels were in the lower tertile of normal. A moderate positive correlation was found between urinary and breast milk iodine (ρ=0.48; p=0.032).</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION</title><p>CONCLUSION: Lactating women in the Voronezh region exhibit pronounced iodine deficiency and critically low breast milk iodine content, posing a threat to infant cognitive development. Systemic iodine prophylaxis measures are urgently needed.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>женщины</kwd><kwd>йод</kwd><kwd>йода недостаточность</kwd><kwd>щитовидная железа</kwd><kwd>тиреоидные гормоны</kwd><kwd>новорожденный</kwd><kwd>грудное молоко</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>women</kwd><kwd>iodine</kwd><kwd>iodine deficiency</kwd><kwd>thyroid gland</kwd><kwd>thyroid hormones</kwd><kwd>newborn</kwd><kwd>milk</kwd><kwd>human</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Iodine. Monograph. Alternative Medicine Review. 2010;15(3):273-278.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Iodine. Monograph. Alternative Medicine Review. 2010;15(3):273-278.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zimmermann MB, Jooste PL, Pandav CS. 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