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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ketendo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Клиническая и экспериментальная тиреоидология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Clinical and experimental thyroidology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1995-5472</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-3787</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Endocrinology Research Centre</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14341/ket20128220-30</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ketendo-4269</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Предикторы послеоперационного гипопаратиреоза после тиреоидэктомии и методы его лечения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Predictors of postoperative hypoparathyroidism after thyroidectomy and methods of treatment</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Kuznetsov</surname><given-names>N S</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>профессор, доктор мед. наук, заведующий хирургическим отделением ФГБУ Эндокриноло- гический научный центр</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">-</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Simakina</surname><given-names>O V</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант хирургического отделения ФГБУ Эндокринологический научный центр</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">-</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Kim</surname><given-names>I V</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, старший научный сотрудник ФГБУ Эндокринологический науч- ный центр</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ilyakim@yandex.ru</email></contrib></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2012</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>06</month><year>2012</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title>ТОМ 8, №2 (2012)</issue-title><fpage>20</fpage><lpage>30</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Kuznetsov N.S., Simakina O.V., Kim I.V., 2012</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2012</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Kuznetsov N.S., Simakina O.V., Kim I.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kuznetsov N.S., Simakina O.V., Kim I.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.cet-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/4269">https://www.cet-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/4269</self-uri><abstract><p>Заболевания щитовидной железы (ЩЖ) среди всей патологии эндокринной системы занимают второе место после сахарного диабета, поражая в некоторых регионах более четверти населения. С ростом заболеваемости различными формами патологии ЩЖ растет число операций, в том числе и в непрофильных стационарах, что ведет к увеличению частоты послеоперационных осложнений. Одним из специфических осложнений операций на ЩЖ является гипопаратиреоз [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="cit6">6</xref>]. Гипопаратиреоз – недостаточность функции околощитовидных желез (ОЩЖ), характеризуется снижением уровня паратгормона (ПТГ) в крови с развитием гипокальциемии и гиперфосфатемии. Наиболее частой причиной гипопаратиреоза является удаление или нарушение кровоснабжения ОЩЖ во время операций на ЩЖ [71, 80]. Хроническая недостаточность ОЩЖ является одной из важнейших проблем клинической эндокринологии [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="cit33">33</xref>]. Снижение уровня кальция в крови у больных, оперированных по поводу заболеваний ЩЖ, нередко обусловлено повреждением или удалением ОЩЖ в ходе хирургического вмешательства, а также кровоизлиянием в них или развитием фиброзных процессов в месте операции в отдаленные сроки [3, 22].  Низкий уровень кальция до операции, невозможность визуализировать ОЩЖ во время операции, а также аутотрансплантация ОЩЖ ассоциированы с высоким риском развития гипопаратиреоза после тиреоидэктомии.  Кроме того, обширное хирургическое вмешательство и технические трудности, такие как выраженная васкуляризация зоба (в том числе в случае болезни Грейвса – БГ) или необходимость билатерального лигирования нижней щитовидной артерии во время тиреоидэктомии, повышают риск возникновения послеоперационного гипопаратиреоза [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="cit51">51</xref>]. Методические подходы и арсенал терапевтических средств далеко не всегда способны обеспечить поддержание стабильного гомеостаза у больных с гипопаратиреозом, а также вызывают ряд побочных эффектов и осложнений (полиорганный кальциноз, катаракта, тетания, заболевания желудочно-кишечного тракта) [9, 11, 15, 16]. Транзиторный и стойкий гипопаратиреоз может приводить к возникновению различных осложнений у пациентов после тиреоидэктомии. Технически хорошо выполненная операция может предотвратить повреждение ОЩЖ [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="cit29">29</xref>]. Подход к лечению послеоперационного гипопаратиреоза основывается на выявлении пациентов из группы высокого риска еще на дооперационном этапе. Необходимо планирование операции в соответствии с этим риском с использованием таких технологий, как аутотрансплантация и криоконсервация ОЩЖ для предотвращения, а в дальнейшем и лечения гипопаратиреоза. Выявление ранних предикторов гипопаратиреоза позволяет осуществить правильный подход к лечению, а также продолженное амбулаторное наблюдение больного со стойким гипопаратиреозом. Такой подход позволяет предотвратить заболевания, связанные с гипопаратиреозом, и осложнения, ассоциированные с длительной терапией [5, 51].</p></abstract></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дедов И.И., Мельниченко Г.А. Эндокринология: национальное руководство. М.: ГЭОТАР-Медиа, 2008. 767–773.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Дедов И.И., Мельниченко Г.А. Эндокринология: национальное руководство. М.: ГЭОТАР-Медиа, 2008. 767–773.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Зенкова А.В. Состояние функции околощитовидных желез до и после хирургического лечения заболеваний щитовидной железы. Вестн. 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