References

ketendo

Клиническая и экспериментальная тиреоидология

Clinical and experimental thyroidology

1995-54722310-3787

Endocrinology Research Centre

10.14341/CET20141019-20

ketendo-6635

Research Article

Статьи

Articles

Дефицит йода, формирование и развитие организма

Iodine Deficiency and Human Development

Sviridonova

M A

канд. мед. наук, научный сотрудник отделения терапии с группой патологии метаболизма и ожирения ФГБУ ЭНЦ.; ФГБУ “Эндокринологический научный центр" Министерства здравоохранения России, Москва

maska119@rambler.ru

2014

15032014

101

ТОМ 10, №1 (2014)

920

2014

Sviridonova M.A.

Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://www.cet-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/6635

Йод относится к жизненно важным микроэлементам, без которых невозможно нормальное формирование и функционирование человеческого организма. Дефицит йода - глобальная проблема: по различным оценкам, около 2 миллиардов людей во всем мире страдают от недостаточного потребления йода. Несмотря на то что зоб является наиболее визуально заметным проявлением йододефицита, к самым значимым его последствиям относятся нарушения развития центральной нервной системы, особенно в раннем детском возрасте. Кроме того, на фоне умеренного и тяжелого дефицита йода повышается риск спонтанного прерывания беременности, низкой массы тела новорожденных, младенческой смертности. У детей, внутриутробно пострадавших от дефицита йода, повышен риск нарушений умственного развития, крайней степенью которых является кретинизм. Кроме того, умеренный и тяжелый йододефицит в детском возрасте отрицательно сказывается на физическом развитии. Восполнение йододефицита оказывает благоприятное влияние на процессы формирования и развития организма. При этом йодная профилактика является чрезвычайно эффективным подходом к снижению неблагоприятных последствий дефицита йода в любом возрасте.

Iodine is а vital microelements that are essential for the normal human development and functions. Iodine deficiency is a global problem: about 2 billion individuals worldwide suffer from a lack of iodine. Despite goiter is the most visually noticeable manifestation of iodine deficiency, the most significant consequence of the iodine deficiency is impaired neurodevelopment, particularly early in life. Moreover, moderate to severe iodine deficiency increases the risk of spontaneous abortion, low birth weight and infant mortality. Babies in utero affected by iodine deficiency are at increased risk of mental developmental disorders, cretinism is their extreme degree. In addition, moderate to severe iodine deficiency in childhood negatively affects somatic growth. Iodine deficiency compensation improves cognitive and motor function in children. Iodine prophylaxis of deficient populations is an extremely effective approach to reduce the substantial adverse effects of iodine deficiency throughout the life cycle.

дефицит йодаумственное развитиекретинизмфизическое развитие

iodine deficiencycognitive developmentcretinismgrowth

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.