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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ketendo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Клиническая и экспериментальная тиреоидология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Clinical and experimental thyroidology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1995-5472</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-3787</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Endocrinology Research Centre</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14341/ket9662</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ketendo-9662</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>De Gustibus</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>De Gustibus</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Когнитивный диссонанс</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The cognitive dissonance</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Герасимов</surname><given-names>Григорий Анатольевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gerasimov</surname><given-names>Grigory A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, региональный координатор Глобальной сети по йоду по странам Восточной Европы и Центральной Азии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gerasimovg@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>&lt;p&gt;Глобальная сеть по йоду&lt;/p&gt;</institution><country>Соединённые Штаты Америки</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>&lt;p&gt;Iodine Global Network (IGN)&lt;/p&gt;</institution><country>United States</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>06</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>6</fpage><lpage>10</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Герасимов Г.А., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Герасимов Г.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gerasimov G.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.cet-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/9662">https://www.cet-endojournals.ru/jour/article/view/9662</self-uri><abstract><p>Первые 1000 дней жизни (условный период между зачатием и вторым днем рождения) – это окно возможностей для развития мозга, уникальный период, когда закладываются основы оптимального роста и развития нервной системы на протяжении всей последующей жизни. Длительное время считалось, что основным фактором, негативно влияющим на психомоторное развитие ребенка, является гипотиреоз матери на ранних сроках беременности. Однако многочисленными экспериментальными и эпидемиологическими исследованиями было показано, что развитие нервной системы плода нарушается и при наличии у женщины изолированной гипотироксинемии в начале беременности. Причиной психоневрологических нарушений при этом является недостаточная доступность материнского тироксина для развивающегося мозга плода. Всеобщее йодирование соли и обогащение муки фолиевой кислотой и солями железа являются надежным средством профилактики дефицита микронутриентов в первые 1000 дней жизни. Важно, чтобы эта профилактика начиналась еще до зачатия и продолжалась до конца периода нейрогенеза. Однако на практике эффективные массовые методы профилактики игнорируются в пользу неких “индивидуальных” подходов, возможности которых резко ограничены.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The first 1000 days of life (the period between conception and the second birthday) is a window of opportunity for brain development, a unique period when the foundations for optimal growth and development of the nervous system are laid throughout the entire life. Previously it was believed that the main factor that negatively affects the psychomotor development of a child is maternal hypothyroidism in the early stages of pregnancy. However, numerous experimental and epidemiological studies have shown that the development of the nervous system of the fetus is disrupted when a woman has isolated hypothyroxinemia in early pregnancy. The cause of neuropsychiatric disorders in this case is the inadequate availability of maternal thyroxin for the developing brain. Universal salt iodization and fortification of flour with folic acid and iron is a reliable means of preventing micronutrient deficiency in the first 1000 days of life. It is important that this prevention begins before conception and lasts until the end of the neurogenesis period. However, in practice, effective mass methods of prevention are ignored in favor of certain “individual” approaches, the possibilities of which are severely limited.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>йод</kwd><kwd>фолиевая кислота</kwd><kwd>тироксин</kwd><kwd>гипотироксинемия</kwd><kwd>нейрогенез</kwd><kwd>беременность</kwd><kwd>лактация</kwd><kwd>когнитивные нарушения</kwd><kwd>ТТГ</kwd><kwd>йодированная соль</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>iodine</kwd><kwd>folic acid</kwd><kwd>thyroxine</kwd><kwd>hypothyroxinemia</kwd><kwd>neurogenesis</kwd><kwd>pregnancy</kwd><kwd>lactation</kwd><kwd>cognitive impairment</kwd><kwd>TSH</kwd><kwd>iodized salt</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Unicef-irc.org [Internet]. Cusic S, Georgieff M. The first 1000 days of life: the brain’s window of opportunity [cited 2018 Mar 9]. 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