Congenital hypothyroidism is an actual clinical problem in pediatric practice. Previous clinical guidelines were published in 2014. The presented clinical recommendations are based on articles published from January 2013 to early 2020. The consensus guidelines include such sections as results of neonatal screening, diagnostics and criteria for treatment, lifelong follow-up, genetics of congenital hypothyroidism, family genetic counselling. The key points of new congenital hypothyroidism guidelines were commented by pediatric endocrinologists of Russians.

March 28 marked the 221st anniversary of the birth of Karl Adolph von Basedow - a versatile and attentive family doctor who made a great contribution to the development of endocrinology and medicine in general. He is best known in German-speaking countries and in Eastern Europe for the discovery in 1840 of a diffuse toxic goiter and the discovery of the Merseburg triad (exophthalmos, tachycardia, goiter). K. Bazedov also described most of the other main characteristics of immune hyperthyroidism and endocrine ophthalmopathy, reflecting on the pathophysiological causes of these disorders. We sincerely congratulate K. Bazedov on his solid anniversary and thank him for his great work and contribution to medicine.

Robert James Graves is an eminent medical practitioner who has made significant contributions to this field. The main path of the scientist began by no means with medical practice, but with extensive travels that prompted him to start and fruitfully carry out scientific activity in the future. The scientific activity carried out by Robert James Graves throughout his life formed special preconditions for the development of medical education and entire fields of medicine. The practice of students, according to his teaching model, was not typical, but many experts in this field spoke about it quite positively, for example, such as T.J. McKenn and Armand Trousseau. He made history 180 years ago by discovering an autoimmune disease, which causes hyperthyroidism, he was known as a physician whose contribution covered the entire field of endocrinology, cardiology, infectious diseases and neurology.

In May 2021, the 140th anniversary of his birth is celebrated by Japanese doctor Hakaru Hashimoto. Did not receive recognition during his lifetime, this amazing scientist discovered a new disease of the thyroid gland, which later became the eponym. For a long time, his name was forgotten, but the main work of his life was decades ahead of the development of science. Without it, the study of autoimmune pathologies, the incidence of which currently continues to increase, would be impossible. It was on patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis that a study was conducted for the first time, demonstrating not only the uniqueness of the pathogenesis of thyroiditis, but also the existence of autoimmune reactivity of the body as a whole.