The review of literature discussed the problem of circadian and individual dynamics of TSH and thyroid hormones levels and its importance for clinical practice. Therefore in this connection the problem of TSH reference interval is discussed.

Aim: to assess the efficacy and tolerability of low-dose iodine therapy compared with the combination of iodine and levothyroxine in endemic goitre patients. Methods: 12-month prospective study was performed, in which 81 patients were randomized on two groups: Group 1 (n = 40) - KI (200 micrograms/day) and Group 2 (n = 41) - KI (100 mcg/day) + L-T4 (1.0 mcg/kg). Thyroid volume, TSH and Anti-TPO-Ab levels were evaluated at baseline, at 8 month of the treatment and at 12 month (4 month after the cessation of the therapy). Results: the significant decreasing of thyroid volumes was found in group 1 at 8 month compared with baseline (20.5 ml at baseline and 16,4 ml at 8 month р < 0.001). After the therapy cessation the further benefit of a sustained effect was demonstrated (16.4 ml at 8 month and 16.1 ml at 12 month, р = 0.31). Iodine-induced hypo- and hyperthyroidism were not observed. High Anti-TPO-Ab level was found in one of 31 patients (3%). In group 2 significant difference between thyroid volumes was found at 8 month compared with baseline (20,5 ml at baseline and 16.2 ml at 8 month р < 0.001). The sustained effect was revealed at least 4 month after the therapy cessation (16.2 ml at 8 month and 16.1 ml at 12 month, р = 0.77). One man had iodine-induced subclinical hyperthyroidism. Anti-TPO-Ab was not detected in this group. No significant difference between thyroid volume decreasing, TSH and Anti-TPO-Ab levels in two comparable groups was observed. Conclusion: KI alone (200 mcg/day) or the combination of L-T4 (1.0 mcg/kg) and KI (100 mcg/day) are equally effective and tolerable for endemic goitre therapy.

Autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) is caused by an immune response to self-thyroid antigen. The cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA4) gene, encoding a negative regulator of the T-lymphocyte immune response, had been reported to be associated and/or linked to AITD. The aim of the study was to investigate the association between the exon 1 CTLA-4 gene polymorphism A(49)G and susceptibility to graves’ disease (GD) and Hashimotos thyroiditis (HT). Materials and methods. We analyzed the A(49)G exon 1 CTLA-4 gene polymorphism in 105 unrelated Novosibirsk patients with GD, in 101 patients with HT and 150 matched healthy subjects. Results. The distribution of genotype frequencies differed significantly between patients with GD and controls (p = 0.039). The allele G and the genotype GG were associated with the increased risk for GD (odds ratio OR = 1,55, 95% CI, 1,09—2,21, OR = 2,43, 95% CI, 1,17—5,01 respectively). In contrast, no differences in genotype frequencies were observed between HT patients and controls for the A(49)G exon 1 CTLA-4 gene polymorphism. Conclusion: This suggests that the CTLA-4 gene might play a role in the development of DTS in the Novosibirsk population.

The purpose: to study the features of thyroid diseases after bilateral ovarioectomy (BOE) in perimenopausal women in the mild iodine deficient region. Population study of randomly chosen 654 women at the age of 45—55 years. Among surveyed two groups were taken out: 142 BOE women before natural menopause (NM) and 143 NM women without accompanying gynecologic pathology. Thyroid-stimulating hormone, free thyroxine and autoantibodies to thyroperoxidase, thyroid and gynecologic ultrasound were investigated in both groups.

Article presented results of the treatment (150 mcg/day KI) of goitre with subclinical hypothyroidism associated with Helicobacter pylori infection in 54 women. In conclusion total eradication of Helicobacter pylori could increase efficacy of goitre treatment up to 90%.