Graves' ophthalmopathy is one of most frequent extrathyroid manifestation of autoimmune thyroid diseases. In 3–5% cases it has severe progress and requires specific therapy. There are many methods of treatment and it's getting more and more, but that demonstrate no sufficient effectiveness. In this review was made an essay to systematize current data. Also guidelines of consensus EUGOGO for treatment of ophtalmopathy is represented here.

Article presents results of implementation of successful program of elimination of iodine deficiency in Belarus. Government decree (2001) requires mandatory use of iodized salt in food industry and public catering. While retail trade of non-iodized salt is not prohibited, all foods shops must have iodized salt on sale. All these measures resulted in increase of iodized salt consumption: 94% of house-holds in Belarus were using iodized salt. Iodine nutrition of population also sig-nificantly improved: median urinary iodine levels in general population (school-children) reached 169 mcg/l and in pregnant women – 224 mcg/l. Endemic goiter morbidity decreased significantly in children, adolescents and adults as well as frequency of transitory thyroid dysfunctions in newborns. Belarus experience in prevention of iodine deficiency can be used by other industrialized countries of Europe and rest of the world.

To investigate circadian and individual variability of TSH, fТ4, fТ3 in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism (SH).20 patients with earlier diagnosed SH at the age of 18–60 years have been included. Measurements of serum TSH, fT4, fT3 were performed at 8.00–9.00 h and 14.00–16.00 during the day and at 8.00–9.00 h in 4–6 weeks. The median of TSH concentrations in the morning was 5,83 mU/l, at the daytime – 3.79 mU/l (р < 0.05). The amplitude of TSH circadian variability reached 73% (Me – 28.5%). According to the current TSH reference ranges (0.4–4.0 mU/l) 95% participants in the morning and 50% participants at the day-time have been classified as having a hypothyroidism. According to the proposed TSH reference ranges (0.4–2.5 mU/l) 95% participants in the morning and 80% participants at the daytime have been classified as having a hypothyroidism. TSH levels in4–6 weeks differed from initial on (-66) – 139%. Statistically and clinically significant variability of fT4 has not beenfound. Variability of fТ3 has appeared statistically significant and correlation with TSH changes. Variability of TSH level in patients with SH is highest. Reduction of the clinical importance of TSH circadian rhythm can be promoted by narrowing TSH reference range at the daytime.

This article is about the research of the blood lymphocyte metabolism in 35 women with Graves' disease (GD). The definition of thyroid (fO4, O3), thyro1tropic hormones, antibodies against thyroid peroxidase and blood lymphocyte NAD(P)1dependent dehydrogenases was spent before the beginning of treatment and later 1 and 3 months receip1 tion of thiamazolc. The thyroid hormones concen1tration in GD patients is come to normal after 3 months of treat1 ment. The lympho1cyte metabolism is characterized by the increase level of macromolecular synthesis and antiox1 idant ability in cells, high efficiency malate1aspartate shuttle, and the increase level amino1acid exchange in GD patients throughout all period of re1search. Also in GD patients it is broken endocrine regulation of lymphocyte me1 tabolism, one point the correlation reduction between thyroid hormones concentra1tion and enzyme indicators.

The aim of this study was to investigate different clinical and laboratory predictors influence on radioiodine therapy results for Graves' disease. A 1-year prospective study was performed on 621 patients treated with empirical radioiodine therapy. Mean administered dose of 131I was 350 MBq. All patients were divided into two groups with small (<25 ml) and large (>25 ml) thyroid gland volume. One day before radioiodine therapy all patients were examined with fT4 measurement and radioiodine uptake test to determine percentage uptake at 2 h, 4 h, and 24 h after test dose of 131I administration. Unique universal method to estimate predictors influence for any classification task was presented and used for actual task of radioiodine therapy results estimation. For patients with small thyroid gland volume a set of 11 predictors that have an influence on therapy result was revealed and importance of each predictor from indicated set was determined. The most influential predictors were administered dose of 131I, thyroid gland volume, percentage uptake at 24 h after test dose of 131I administration, and patient age. For patients with large thyroid gland volume a set of 10 predictors was revealed. The most influential predictors were administered dose of 131I, thyroid gland volume, percentage uptake at 2 h after test dose of 131I administration, and patient age. Accounting all predictors from indicated sets for both patient groups allows constructing of classification system that provides therapy result estimation for any patient and any administered dose of 131I with accuracy above 90%.

Hypothyroidism is associated with premature atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. High levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides and recently, homocysteine (Hcy) and C-reactive protein (CRP) emerged as additional cardiovascular risk factors. Sixty ambulatory patients with primary hypothyroidism receiving levothyroxine (L-T4) participated in the study. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to their TSH level. The first group was in TSH low-normal range (0.4–2.0 mU/l), the second in upper-normal (2.1–4.0 mU/l) range. We analyzed the results of lipid profile data, CRP and HCY levels at baseline and in 3 months. With a small-dose changes we cross the groups to compare the results. Patients in upper-normal range group had significantly higher levels of total cholesterol (p = 0.002), LDL-C (p = 0.02), triglycerides (p = 0.03) at baseline. After decreasing the dose of L-T4 in group with low-normal TSH range there were no significant difference in levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides. After dose-changing the level of LDL-C was significantly higher in group with upper-normal TSH range (p = 0.02). After increasing the L-T4 dose in group with upper-normal TSH range we didn't find any significant differences in lipid profile level, but the early predictors of endothelium dysfunction were sig-nificantly lower in group with low-normal TSH range: CRP (p = 0.004), HCY (p =0.05). Conclusion: Small-changes in L-T4 dose which help to achieve the low-normal TSH range leads to significantdecrease in levels of early predictors of en-dothelium dysfunction – C-reactive protein and homocysteine.